高三英语语法总结(推荐7篇)
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- 2024-02-15 14:03:18
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高三英语语法总结 第1篇
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
time!
解析:考查冠词。have a good time玩得开心。
is like __an__ ocean: Only __the__ strong-willed can reach the other shore.
解析:第一个空表示泛指,且ocean以元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an;形容词前用定冠词表示一类人,the strong-willed意为“意志坚强的人”。
can't tell you __the__ way to the Wilson's because we don't have __a__ Wilson here in the village.
解析:way后有介词短语作定语,表特指,所以第一空填定冠词the;泛指“一个名叫Wilson的人”,第二空填不定冠词a。
village where I was born has grown into __a__ town.
解析:village后有定语从句修饰,是特指,故第一空填定冠词;泛指“一座城镇”,故第二空填不定冠词a。
time there was__an__outbreak,a great number of terrified people died.
解析:there was+可数名词单数,且“outbreak”以元音音素开头,故用an。
news of the mayor's coming to our school for a visit was given out on the radio yesterday.
解析:句意为:市长来我们学校参观的新闻昨天通过收音机发布了。名词news后有介词短语修饰,起限定作用,表特指,故填the。
Germany, __a__ successful project, which roughly translates as “adopt a grandparent”,has been running with a great success.
解析:句意为:在德国,一个名为“领养祖父母”的项目已成功运行。project为单数可数名词,此处意为“一个成功的项目”,表泛指。故填不定冠词a。
8.—Mom, why can't I have __a__ new bike?
—Dear, you know, money doesn't grow on trees.
解析:句意为:——妈妈,我为什么不能要一辆新自行车?——亲爱的,你要知道,赚钱可不是件容易的事。bike为单数可数名词,是首次提到,此处表泛指,故用不定冠词a。
wish always remains unrealistic that you can come first in the final exam when you make no efforts at all.
解析:句意为:你不付出任何努力而想在期末考试中得第一名的愿望是不现实的。wish后有that引导的同位语从句修饰,表特指,故填定冠词The。
son is in great danger and he needs __an__ immediate operation which costs 48,000 yuan.
解析:句意为:你的儿子很危险,他需要紧急手术,费用为48,000元。operation为单数可数名词,且immediate为元音音素开头,故填不定冠词an。
'd like to buy __a__ computer. Could you please give me some advice?
解析:句意为:我想买一台电脑,你能给我一些建议吗?computer为单数可数名词,此处表不确定的事物,表泛指,故填不定冠词a。
is __a__ platform for digital magazines, with more than 5,500 magazines from a wide range of publishers.
解析:句意为:Zinio是一个电子杂志平台,拥有来自各出版商所提供的'5,500多本杂志。platform是单数可数名词,此处指“一个平台”,表泛指,故填不定冠词a。
if your first choice is wrong? If so, just give yourself __a__ second chance.
解析:句意:如果你的第一次选择错误怎么办?如果是这样,要再给自己一次机会。序数词前加不定冠词表示“再一,又一”,所以填不定冠词a。
14.—Would you mind giving me advice on how to improve my record?
—If you make __the__ most of your potential, there will be a rise in your achievement.
解析:句意为:——给我一些建议使我提高记录好吗?——如果你充分利用自己的潜能,你的成绩就会提高。make the most of是固定短语,意为“充分利用”,故填定冠词the。
the development of society, our country is badly in need of those with __a__ better command of computer skills.
解析:句意为:随着社会的发展,我们国家非常需要那些可以进行电脑操作的人才。with a command of...为惯用搭配,意为“掌握……”,故填不定冠词a。
高三英语语法总结 第2篇
一、非谓语动词
“非谓语动词”可分为动词不定式、动名词和分词.它在句子中的作用很多:除了不作谓语外,它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语与复合宾语(主语补语或宾语补语).有些及物动词后面接不带to的不定式作复合宾语.这些动词归纳如下:一感(feel).二听(hear,listen to),三让(have,1et, make),四看(see,watCh,notice,observe).再加上help somebody(to)do something和美国英语look at somebody do somthing.还有“二让”属特殊:get somebody to do something 与keep somebody doing.而有些及物动词后面接动名词(the -ing form)作宾语.这些动词归纳为一句话:Papa C makes friends.这是由如下动词的开头字母组成:permit,advise, practise,avoid,consider,mind, allow,keep,enjoy,suggest, finish,risk,imagine,escape,need,delay,stand(忍受). 为了容易记住,也可以编成顺口溜:“允许完成练习,建议避免冒险,考虑延期逃跑,喜欢保持想象,需要反对忍受”.其相对应的动词依次是:permit/allow,finish,practise;
advise/suggest, avoid,risk: consider, delay, escape/miss; enjoy/appreciate, keep, imagine; need/want/require,mind. can't help/can’t stand.
二、复合句
1、学生最容易混淆的是定语从句与同位语从句的区别.
例如:A、The news that our team has won the match is true. (同位语从句)
B、The news that he told us surprised everybody here. (定语从句)
关键的区别在于连接或关系代词that:有意义的是定语, 无意义的是同位.因为引导定语从句的that在从xxx作主语或 宾语,而引导同位语从句的that只起到连接词的作用.
2、接着容易混淆的是引导定语从句的关系代词that与 which:that之前是不定(代词)、序数(词)、(形容词)级:which之前是介词短语与逗号(非限制性).
例如:A、All that we have to do is to practise every day.
B、The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
C、I have lost my pen,which I like very much.
D、The house in front of which there is a garden is my home.
三、It的用法
1、It除了代替人和物以外,还可以作形式主语.而真正的主语(不定式、动名词或从句)则放xxx或表语之后.
例如:It is nor easy to finish the work in two days.
然而有少数表语之后接动名词作真正的主语.这些表语是:无助(no help)、无用(no use)、没好处(no good);工作(hard work)、费时(a waste of time)、又危险(a danger).
例如:A、It is no use crying over spilt milk.
B、It is a waste of time waiting for him.
2、It还可以作形式宾语.通常下列动词后面可接it作形式宾语:2f2tcjm(find,feel,think,take,consider,judge, make).
例如:A、He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.
B、I think it no use arguing with him.
3、It用于强调句式.要强调句子的某一部分(主语、宾语、 状语),可以把it当作先行词.这种句子的结构是:It is(was)+ 被强调部分+that(who)+句子的其余部分.
例如:A、It iS Professor Lin who teaches us English—(强调主语)
B、It was in Shanghai that l saw the film.—(强调状语)
C、It was in 1990 that I worked in the factory.(同上)
但要注意与定语从句的区别.
例如:D、It was 1990 when I worked in the factory.(定语从句)
在强调句式里,我们把强调结构It is(was)…that除去,句子还很完整.如例句C.而例句D就不能.
高三英语语法总结 第3篇
名词性从句
一、that 从句
1、主语从句
(1)that从句作主语时,xxxt作形式主语,常见的句型有:
It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that从句
It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句
It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that从句
(2)that可以省略,但that从句位于句首时,that不能省略。
2、宾语从句
(1)常见的可以接that从句作宾语的动词有see, say, know, imagine, discover, believe, tell, show, think, consider, be sure, be afraid等。在可以接复合宾语的动词之后,如think, make, consider等,可以用it作形式宾语。
(2)That从句一般不能充当介词宾语,偶尔可作except, in 的宾语。
3、表语从句(that不可省略)
4、同位语从句
连词that引导同位语从句时,应在某些抽象名词之后,如:fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, news, problem, possibility等,对前面的名词起补充说明的作用,that在从xxx不担当任何成分,不能省略。
二、whether/if从句
1、在表语从句和同位语从xxx只能用whether不能用if;当主语从句放于句首时,只能用whether不用if;当it作形式主语,主语从句放在句末时用whether或if均可;discuss后引导宾语从句时,必须用whether。
2、在宾语从xxx:
(1)及物动词后:whether从xxx不能有否定式,宾语从句为否定句时用if;if不能与or not连用,但可以用whether or not;whether后可以加不定式。
(2)介词后:只能用whether,不用if。
三、特殊疑问词引导的从句
1、主语从句:特殊疑问词引导主语从句时,xxxt作形式主语。
2、宾语从句
(1)常见的能接特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的动词有see, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, show, discuss, understand, inform, advise等。
(2)作介词宾语。
3、同位语从句、表语从句
高三英语语法总结 第4篇
<例句>
There were millions of blooms.
有数以百万计的花。
<语法分析>
基数词在句子中作主语,此外还可作定语、表语、同位语以及宾语或介词宾语等。序数词在xxx可作定语、表语、主语、宾语或介词宾语等,序数词还可用在某些短语中。分数词由基数词和序数词构成,基数词代表分子,序数词代表分母,除了分子为1的情况外,序数词都要用复数形式。分数词可以作主语、定语、状语、宾语或介词宾语等。
<触类旁通>
(1) The river is about eighty miles long.
这条河约有八十英里长。
语法分析:基数词在句子中作定语。
(2) I read five of his novels.
我看了五本他写的小说。
语法分析:基数词作宾语。
(3) Its population is nearly three million.
它的人口数量接近三百万。
语法分析:基数词作表语。
(4) She's getting married a third time.
她将第三次结婚。
语法分析:序数词和a连用,表示“再一个”、“又一个”等。
(5) I thought that performance third-rate.
我认为那场演出是三流的。
语法分析:序数词可用在许多短语中。
(6) Mother divided the cake into thirds.
妈妈把蛋糕分成三份。
语法分析:分数词作宾语或介词宾语。
高三英语语法总结 第5篇
一、不定式做主语:
1、不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。===动名词doing表示习惯的,经常的动作。
: To finish the building in a month is difficult.
To do such things is foolish.
To see is to believe. (对等)
注: 1).不定式作主语时,谓语用单数
2).当主语较长,谓语较短时,xxxt做形式主语,而将不定式放到谓语的后面。
it做形式主语,不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中:
(1)It is/was +adj.+of sb. to do…
(2) It is +adj.+for sb.+to do…
It is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary
(3) it is +a +名词+ to do...
It is a pity / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / one’s duty / an honor / a shame / a crime / no easy job… to do
It takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience …to do…
It requires courage / patience / hard work… to do…
注意: probable和possible均可作表语,但possible可以用不定式作真实主语,而probable不能用不定式作真实主语。
It is probable for him to come to the meeting.(错)
It is possible for him to come to the meeting.
It is possible / probable that he will come to the meeting.
高三英语语法总结 第6篇
定语从句
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
1、that 指人或物在从xxx作主语,宾语或表语
which 指物在从xxx作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)
who 指人在从xxx作主语,宾语或表语
whom 指人在从xxx作宾语
whose 指人或物在从xxx作定语
as 指人或物在从xxx作主语,宾语或表语
but 指人或物在从xxx作主语,宾语或表语
注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+of which或 of which+the+名词
2、as 的用法
(1)常用于下列结构:such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as
注意:the same…as 表示同一类,不同一个
the same…that 表示同一个
(2)as与which的区别
a、位置不同
as可放在主句后,主句前或主xxx间;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。
Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。
注意:as常用于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,
as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。
c、在从xxx作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。
高三英语语法总结 第7篇
1、 现在完成时的概念:现在完成时表示动作发生在过去,其结果对现在有影响。 例:Tom has gone out (go的动作发生在过去,对现在有影响)
2、 延续性动词可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用;非延续性动词则不可以。 例:正确说法:The train has been in the station for two hours;
错误说法:The train has stopped in the station for two hours.
(这辆火车进站停了两个小时)
延续性动词 非延期性动词
定义 动作有持续性,可以持续一段时间。如:live(居住)就可live一年两年。 运作在短时间内结束,不能延续。如marry(结婚)就不能marry一年两年。
例词 Listen,play,rain,work Arrive,begin,borrow,finish
3、现在完成时的构成:
(1)have(has)+过去分词:Tom has gone out。
(2)现在完成时的否定和疑问形式:否定形式在have、has后加not;疑问形式将Have、has提前,如Has Tom gone out。
(3)过去分词的概念及其变化形式:
概念:它和现在进行时中的“动词的ing形式”一样,只是英语中表达时态的一种固定形式。
变化形式:大多数动词的过去分词的外形和动词的过去式完全一样。只有那些不规则变化的动词,不运词的过去式不一样。具体参照“不规则动词表”。
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